The Earth RecordSaturday, 3 October 2026 (UTC)

← Back to the summary for 3 Oct

The detail behind the day

The Pacific is unusually warm.

Earthquakes of magnitude 4.5 or more

15earthquakes on the day

Strongest first. Magnitude is a log scale: each whole step is about 32 times more energy. Depth is how far below the surface the quake began; shallow ones shake the ground harder.

Time (UTC)MagnitudeDepthWhereCountry
22:555.946 kmnear Tambolaka, IndonesiaIndonesia
23:375.356 kmnear Banda Aceh, IndonesiaIndonesia
02:595.110 kmnear Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, RussiaRussia
20:004.910 kmnear Vilyuchinsk, RussiaRussia
18:124.864 kmnear Sittwe, Burma (Myanmar)Myanmar (Burma)
06:054.837 kmnear Koshima, JapanJapan
00:014.839 kmnear Vilyuchinsk, RussiaRussia
17:244.682 kmnear Lae, Papua New GuineaPapua New Guinea
23:144.5575 kmnear Tabiauan, PhilippinesPhilippines
20:334.510 kmnear Puerto Madero, MexicoMexico
13:514.5453 kmKermadec Islands regionOpen ocean
10:554.510 kmnear Vilyuchinsk, RussiaRussia
03:124.510 kmnear Vilyuchinsk, RussiaRussia
03:074.510 kmnear Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, RussiaRussia
00:114.5126 kmnear Ibusuki, JapanJapan

Where most of them struck

Russia
6 · largest 5.1
Indonesia
2 · largest 5.9
Japan
2 · largest 4.8
Myanmar (Burma)
1 · largest 4.8
Papua New Guinea
1 · largest 4.6
Mexico
1 · largest 4.5
Philippines
1 · largest 4.5

1 more happened out at sea, away from any country’s borders.

Counting smaller ones too, 57 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more were logged worldwide. How many small quakes are recorded depends on how many seismometers are nearby, so this number is not compared with other years.

Source: USGS Earthquake Hazards Program. Magnitudes and places can be revised by USGS for weeks after an event.

Volcanoes

32 more volcanoes on NASA’s activity tracker
AlertVolcano
NASA trackerAira Volcano, Japan
NASA trackerAmbae Volcano, Vanuatu
NASA trackerBezymianny Volcano, Russia
NASA trackerDukono Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerFuego Volcano, Guatemala
NASA trackerIbu Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerIvao Group Volcano, Russia
NASA trackerKanlaon Volcano, Philippines
NASA trackerKikai Volcano, Japan
NASA trackerKilauea Volcano, Hawaii
NASA trackerKrasheninnikov Volcano, Russia
NASA trackerLangila Volcano, Papua New Guinea
NASA trackerLewotobi Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerLewotolok Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerMarapi Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerMasaya Volcano, Nicaragua
NASA trackerMayon Volcano, Philippines
NASA trackerMerapi Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerNevados del Chillan Volcano, Chile
NASA trackerPopocatepetl Volcano, Mexico
NASA trackerPuracé Volcano, Colombia
NASA trackerReventador Volcano, Ecuador
NASA trackerRincon de la Vieja Volcano, Costa Rica
NASA trackerSabancaya Volcano, Peru
NASA trackerSangay Volcano, Ecuador
NASA trackerSanta Maria Volcano, Guatemala
NASA trackerSemeru Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerSheveluch Volcano, Russia
NASA trackerStromboli Volcano, Italy
NASA trackerSuwanosejima Volcano, Japan
NASA trackerTelica Volcano, Nicaragua
NASA trackerTitan Ridge Volcano, Papua New Guinea

Colour codes are the aviation scale: green is normal, yellow an advisory, orange a watch, red a warning. USGS rates US volcanoes only; the others come from NASA’s tracker of volcanoes with recent activity reports.

Sources: USGS Volcano Hazards Program, NASA EONET and USGS earthquakes for Campi Flegrei and Vesuvius.

Space weather

Kind of eventHighest level reached
Geomagnetic stormNone
Radio blackoutNone
Solar radiation stormNone

Source: NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center.

Climate readings

MeasureLatest valueReading dateHow it comparesSource
Pacific sea temperature (Niño 3.4)+3.2 °C against normalWeek to 30 Sep3rd highest weekly reading since 1981NOAA CPC
Arctic sea ice extent5.8 million km²3 Oct19% below the 1981–2010 average; 18th lowest of 44 years for the dateNSIDC
Antarctic sea ice extent16.7 million km²3 Oct10% below the 1981–2010 average; 1st lowest of 44 years for the dateNSIDC
Carbon dioxide, Mauna Loa425.3 ppm2 Oct1.0 ppm higher than a year earlierNOAA GML
Antarctic ozone hole25.4 million km²3 Oct4th largest for the date since 1979; thinnest part 118 Dobson unitsNASA

These move slowly, so the latest reading may be a few days old. The summary page draws each one as a chart.