The Earth RecordThursday, 12 November 2026 (UTC)

← Back to the summary for 12 Nov

The detail behind the day

Great Sitkin volcano is on orange alert.

Earthquakes of magnitude 4.5 or more

10earthquakes on the day

Strongest first. Magnitude is a log scale: each whole step is about 32 times more energy. Depth is how far below the surface the quake began; shallow ones shake the ground harder.

Time (UTC)MagnitudeDepthWhereCountry
22:045.810 kmnear Kavieng, Papua New GuineaPapua New Guinea
03:455.4122 kmSouth Sandwich Islands regionOpen ocean
21:095.110 kmwestern Indian-Antarctic RidgeOpen ocean
20:034.910 kmnear Weining, ChinaChina
04:074.833 kmnear Noda, JapanJapan
01:184.874 kmnear Severo-Kuril’sk, RussiaRussia
21:534.610 kmnear Akureyri, IcelandIceland
14:584.539 kmnear Bitung, IndonesiaIndonesia
13:274.573 kmnear Tako, JapanJapan
08:174.510 kmoff the coast of OregonOpen ocean

Where most of them struck

Japan
2 · largest 4.8
Papua New Guinea
1 · largest 5.8
China
1 · largest 4.9
Russia
1 · largest 4.8
Iceland
1 · largest 4.6
Indonesia
1 · largest 4.5

3 more happened out at sea, away from any country’s borders.

Counting smaller ones too, 30 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more were logged worldwide. How many small quakes are recorded depends on how many seismometers are nearby, so this number is not compared with other years.

Source: USGS Earthquake Hazards Program. Magnitudes and places can be revised by USGS for weeks after an event.USGS catalogue

Tropical storms and cyclones

AlertStormReported intensity
NASA trackerTropical Cyclone 03S25 kts
GreenTropical Cyclone CEMPAKA-26 (Japan) GDACS reportHurricane/Typhoon > 74 mph (maximum wind speed of 176 km/h)
GreenTropical Cyclone PENA-26 GDACS reportTropical Depression (maximum wind speed of 93 km/h)
NASA trackerTropical Storm Pena30 kts
NASA trackerTyphoon Cempaka65 kts

The alert colour reflects the likely effect on people, not just wind speed. Red is the highest; green is a storm with little expected impact.

Sources: Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDACS) and NASA EONET.GDACS reports · NASA EONET

Volcanoes

AlertVolcano
OrangeGreat Sitkin: alert level watch Official notice
YellowAhyi Seamount: alert level advisory Official notice
YellowKilauea: alert level advisory Official notice
32 more volcanoes on NASA’s activity tracker
AlertVolcano
NASA trackerAira Volcano, Japan
NASA trackerAmbae Volcano, Vanuatu
NASA trackerBezymianny Volcano, Russia
NASA trackerDukono Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerFuego Volcano, Guatemala
NASA trackerIbu Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerIvao Group Volcano, Russia
NASA trackerKanlaon Volcano, Philippines
NASA trackerKikai Volcano, Japan
NASA trackerKilauea Volcano, Hawaii
NASA trackerKrasheninnikov Volcano, Russia
NASA trackerLangila Volcano, Papua New Guinea
NASA trackerLewotobi Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerLewotolok Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerMarapi Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerMasaya Volcano, Nicaragua
NASA trackerMayon Volcano, Philippines
NASA trackerMerapi Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerNevados del Chillan Volcano, Chile
NASA trackerPopocatepetl Volcano, Mexico
NASA trackerPuracé Volcano, Colombia
NASA trackerReventador Volcano, Ecuador
NASA trackerRincon de la Vieja Volcano, Costa Rica
NASA trackerSabancaya Volcano, Peru
NASA trackerSangay Volcano, Ecuador
NASA trackerSanta Maria Volcano, Guatemala
NASA trackerSemeru Volcano, Indonesia
NASA trackerSheveluch Volcano, Russia
NASA trackerStromboli Volcano, Italy
NASA trackerSuwanosejima Volcano, Japan
NASA trackerTelica Volcano, Nicaragua
NASA trackerTitan Ridge Volcano, Papua New Guinea

Colour codes are the aviation scale: green is normal, yellow an advisory, orange a watch, red a warning. USGS rates US volcanoes only; the others come from NASA’s tracker of volcanoes with recent activity reports.

Sources: USGS Volcano Hazards Program, NASA EONET and USGS earthquakes for Campi Flegrei and Vesuvius.USGS volcano notices · NASA EONET

Floods, weather warnings and other events

England: flood warnings and alerts

0severe1warning13alerts
LevelArea
WarningNorth Sea coast at Withernsea

A flood warning means flooding is expected; an alert means it is possible. Alerts are counted but not listed one by one.

United States: severe and extreme warnings

HazardSevereExtreme
Winter weather412
Flood180
Thunderstorm and hail150
Other70
Wind70
Tornado06

Each figure is the peak number of warnings in force at once in a state, added across states. It shows scale, not an exact count of separate events.

Extreme-level warnings:

Warning
Blizzard Warning: Central Beaufort Sea Coast; Eastern Beaufort Sea Coast
Blizzard Warning: Central Beaufort Sea Coast; Eastern Beaufort Sea Coast
Blizzard Warning: Central Beaufort Sea Coast; Eastern Beaufort Sea Coast
Blizzard Warning: Northern Arctic Coast
Blizzard Warning: Northern Arctic Coast
Blizzard Warning: Northern Arctic Coast
Tornado Warning: Burlington, NJ
Tornado Warning: Burlington, NJ
Tornado Warning: Mercer, NJ; Monmouth, NJ
Tornado Warning: New Castle, DE
Tornado Warning: New Castle, DE
Tornado Warning: Queens, NY
Tornado Warning: Queens, NY
Tornado Watch: Burlington, NJ; Camden, NJ; Hunterdon, NJ; Mercer, NJ; Middlesex, NJ; Monmouth, NJ; Ocean, NJ; Somerset, NJ; Bucks, PA; Montgomery, PA; Philadelphia, PA
Tornado Watch: Burlington, NJ; Monmouth, NJ; Ocean, NJ
Tornado Watch: Coastal waters from Sandy Hook to Manasquan Inlet NJ out 20 NM; Coastal waters from Manasquan Inlet to Little Egg Inlet NJ out 20 NM
Tornado Watch: Coastal waters from Sandy Hook to Manasquan Inlet NJ out 20 NM; Coastal waters from Manasquan Inlet to Little Egg Inlet NJ out 20 NM
Tornado Watch: Delaware Bay waters north of East Point NJ to Slaughter Beach DE; Coastal waters from Sandy Hook to Manasquan Inlet NJ out 20 NM; Coastal waters from Manasquan Inlet to Little Egg Inlet
Tornado Watch: New Castle, DE; Burlington, NJ; Camden, NJ; Gloucester, NJ; Hunterdon, NJ; Mercer, NJ; Middlesex, NJ; Monmouth, NJ; Ocean, NJ; Salem, NJ; Somerset, NJ; Warren, NJ; Berks, PA; Bucks, PA;

NASA’s tracker lists 7,175 open wildfires worldwide. They are counted, not listed.

Sources: Environment Agency flood warnings (Open Government Licence v3.0), US National Weather Service, NASA EONET.Environment Agency data · NWS alerts · NASA EONET

Space weather

Kind of eventHighest level reached
Geomagnetic stormNone
Radio blackoutNone
Solar radiation stormNone

The planetary Kp index reached 1.7 on this day; 5 or more is a geomagnetic storm.

Highest Kp each day: 6 Nov 3.3 · 7 Nov 5.3 · 8 Nov 5.0 · 9 Nov 3.3 · 10 Nov 3.0 · 11 Nov 2.7 · 12 Nov 1.7

Source: NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center.NOAA space weather

Climate readings

MeasureLatest valueReading dateHow it comparesSource
Pacific sea temperature (Niño 3.4)+3.3 °C against normalWeek to 4 Nov3rd highest weekly reading since 1981NOAA CPC
Arctic sea ice extent8.8 million km²11 Nov15% below the 1981–2010 average; 4th lowest of 45 years for the dateNSIDC
Antarctic sea ice extent15.1 million km²11 Nov9% below the 1981–2010 average; 3rd lowest of 45 years for the dateNSIDC
Carbon dioxide, Mauna Loa428.4 ppm11 Nov2.3 ppm higher than a year earlierNOAA GML
Antarctic ozone hole18.5 million km²10 Nov7th largest for the date since 1979; thinnest part 149 Dobson unitsNASA

These move slowly, so the latest reading may be a few days old. The summary page draws each one as a chart.NOAA ENSO data · NSIDC Sea Ice Index · NOAA CO₂ data · NASA Ozone Watch